What are the wastewater treatment processes for chemical companies?
The choice of chemical wastewater treatment process is indeed crucial, as it directly determines the treatment effect and cost. The core idea is to combine multiple physical, chemical, and biological methods to achieve purification based on the specific composition and treatment objectives of wastewater.
1? Classification of core processing techniques
Physical processing method: mainly used for separating suspended solids and colloids, it is the key to pretreatment.
Screening method: Use grids and sieves to remove large suspended particles.
Gravity separation method: such as sedimentation and air flotation, used to remove pollutants with different densities.
Centrifugal method: using centrifugal force to accelerate solid-liquid separation.
Chemical treatment method: Changing the properties of pollutants through chemical reactions.
Chemical coagulation method: Adding coagulants to destabilize and precipitate colloids.
Chemical oxidation methods, such as Fenton oxidation and ozone oxidation, decompose recalcitrant organic compounds.
Electrochemical oxidation method: an oxidation-reduction reaction occurs on the surface of the electrode.
Physical chemistry method: combining physical and chemical interactions.
Adsorption method: using activated carbon and other adsorbents to remove organic matter and heavy metals.
Ion exchange method: Remove soluble ions such as heavy metals and nitrates.
Membrane separation technologies, such as ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and electrodialysis, are used for advanced treatment and resource recovery.
Biological treatment method: using microorganisms to degrade organic matter is the core process.
Aerobic biological treatment: such as activated sludge process, biofilm process, and biological turntable.
Anaerobic biological treatment: such as UASB and anaerobic granular sludge technology, suitable for high concentration organic wastewater.
Special biological treatment: such as biological drip filtration (used for exhaust gas) and biological adsorption.
2? Typical Process Flow Example
Oily wastewater: A combination process of "oil separation+air flotation+biological treatment" is usually used.
High concentration organic wastewater: A process of "pretreatment (such as iron carbon microelectrolysis)+anaerobic+aerobic+deep treatment" may be used.
Phenolic wastewater: commonly used methods combining extraction, adsorption, or biological treatment.
Pesticide wastewater: Due to its high toxicity, it often requires pre-treatment (such as wet oxidation) before undergoing biochemical treatment.
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